Canonical
A canonical URL is the preferred version of a page among a set of duplicate or near-identical pages, declared with the <link rel="canonical"> element.
SEO Wiki
SEO Wiki
An encyclopedia of SEO terms: clear definitions, examples, common mistakes and how to check them.
Knowledge graph
C
CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift)
CLS measures visual stability: how much page elements shift unexpectedly.
Core Web Vitals
Core Web Vitals are three Google metrics for real user experience: LCP (loading), INP (responsiveness) and CLS (visual stability).
Crawl budget
Crawl budget is the number of URLs a crawler can and wants to crawl on a site in a given period.
E
E-E-A-T
E-E-A-T (Experience, Expertise, Authoritativeness, Trustworthiness) is the framework from Google’s Search Quality Rater Guidelines describing what makes content trustworthy.
H
Hreflang
Hreflang is an attribute that tells search engines about equivalent language or regional versions of the same page.
HTTP status codes
An HTTP status code is the server’s numeric response telling the browser and crawler whether a request succeeded, was redirected or failed.
I
Indexing
Indexing is the process in which a search engine analyses a crawled page and stores it in its index, from which it can be shown in results.
INP (Interaction to Next Paint)
INP measures the latency of interactions (clicks, taps, key presses) throughout the visit and reports one of the slowest.
Internal linking
Internal links connect pages of the same site; they aid discovery, pass signals and explain relationships between topics.
L
LCP (Largest Contentful Paint)
LCP measures the time until the largest text block or image in the viewport is rendered.
R
robots.txt
robots.txt is a text file at the root of a site that tells crawlers which sections they may or may not crawl.
S
sitemap.xml
An XML sitemap is a file listing a site’s important URLs to help search engines discover them.
Structured data (Schema.org)
Structured data describes page content in a standardised format (the Schema.org vocabulary) so search engines understand entities and relationships.
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